In competitive sports, doping is the use of banned athletic performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) by athletes, as a way of cheating. As stated in the World Anti-Doping Code by WADA, doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the anti-doping rule violations outlined in Article 2.1 through Article 2.11 of the Code.1 The...Read More
The major route for stanozolol metabolism is shown in the vertical pathway of Figure 2B, along with the sample treatment required to detect metabolites by the time-tested gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)3. However, stanozolol produces another metabolite in smaller amounts called 17-epi-stanozolol-N-glucuronide, shown in the horizontal pathway of Figure 2B. This metabolite is long-lived and can...Read More
I notice that it’s especially effective in longer-duration sports and activities. Colostrum’s so effective that, although it’s incredibly safe, some sporting bodies have banned it to “keep the playing field even”. Like a pure essential amino acids supplement, protein provides the amino needed to build and repair muscle. And it’s terrible for certain people who...Read More
Further, interventions that provide personalized feedback in the absence of individual clinician contact have also been shown to be efficacious at impacting substance use (Miller et al., 2013). A handful of studies have examined the efficacy of motivational enhancing interventions specifically among athletes, with promising results. For example, in one study, Martens and colleagues (2010)...Read More
